Marketing and Advertising of Whirlpool Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Promoting and Advertising of Whirlpool - Essay Example As indicated by Larson (2009), Whirlpool has discovered expanding accomplishment in the worldwide market. The achievement of the organization is because of a specific worldwide market and brand system. It is the result of dynamic vital at the worldwide level. The organization originally stretched out through a normalized brand message inside Europe. Whirlpool has since designed its current universal achievement of its European system. The organization depicts the benefit of utilizing a steady and effective worldwide market methodology. The authority in the organization noticed that a technique of transnational marking has gotten effective. Whirlpool has prevailing through relationship of their correspondence, item, valuing and advertise channel procedures. Similar methods are misused directly with their proceeded with infiltration of the market and development in both Asia and Latin America (Larson,

Social Development Observation free essay sample

Rebecca (to the educator) I realize how to make my name! Kid 1 I know as well! Kids 2 and 3 I know as well! I know! Educator If you make your names I’ll give you exceptional snuggles. Rebecca This is my letter (takes letter â€Å"R†) Child 1 I need every single green letter (begins picking green letters) Rebecca Mine isn't green. Kid 1 I’ll make a pinnacle (snatches a few letters) Rebecca I’m making my name (takes letters â€Å"B† and â€Å"E†) Child 1 Look! It’s going to fall! (puts seven letters on one another) Rebecca No. It won’t. Kid 2 It will! It will! Rebecca (to youngster 1) What are you doing? Kid 1 I’m making it greater (puts two additional letters on the â€Å"tower†) Teacher You are making it higher. Rebecca I am as yet making my name (takes a gander at the letters before her) Child 1 I need more! I need those! (takes Rebecca’s letter) Rebecca No! It’s mine! (attempts to stop kid 1) Child 1 But I need those for my pinnacle (takes a gander at the educator). We will compose a custom article test on Social Development Observation or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Rebecca It’s my name! She is taking my name! takes a gander at the instructor) Teacher (to Rebecca) Don’t take her letters. Play with the ones that you as of now have. Youngster 1 But my pinnacle won’t fall. I need more. Rebecca takes a gander at the â€Å"tower†, takes her letter â€Å"R† and offers it to youngster 1. Rebecca It’s O. K. I can do my name with â€Å"B†, on the grounds that my mum calls me Becky. Youngster 1 put the letter on the â€Å"tower† and it tumbles down. All youngsters chuckle. Rebecca takes her letter â€Å"R† and offers it to kid 1 once more. Rebecca Do it once more! I’ll do my name with â€Å"B†.

Dear First Year Teacher You Are Amazing

Dear First Year Teacher You Are Amazing TeacherVision Advisory Board member and veteran teacher Olivia offers a positive and encouraging message for first-year teachers: You might not believe it right now, but you are amazing in so many ways. by Olivia Bechtel Dear Teacher, You are incredible. You may not know it yet, but you have made the decision to forever change the lives of thousands of tiny humans (or not so tiny, depending on which grade). This is not something to take lightly - if it was an easy job, schools would be full of passionate and motivated teachers. Regardless, you now have the responsibility to give your very best every day, and to give even more the next day. As you embark on this journey, you may find yourself second-guessing your choice, feeling overworked and undervalued, and in need of a major vacation. You are entitled to all of these emotions. While you feel these things, though, don’t forget to also feel and recognize the following: There Is No One Like You There are many different types of teachers - think about all of those that you have encountered throughout your educational career. No matter how much those teachers and experiences may have shaped you, you are now your own brand of amazing in the classroom. Take what you have learned, embody the likeness of those before you, and make it even better. You are here because you are meant to be, and you now have the chance to impact others in the same way that those who came before you made an impact on you. You Are Enough Whenever you start to doubt yourself or compare yourself to others, look inward. Trust your instincts. If you do this, you will always teach the best way you know how. Feeling like you aren’t doing enough? That’s more common than you think. There will always be something you think you should improve or change, and that is what makes you so fantastic. Think about your favorite teacher - he or she felt the same things you are feeling now, but as a student, is that what you noticed? No. You are harder on yourself than any student will be. You are more than enough as you are. You Are Changing Lives Are you aware of just how much influence you have when you stand at the front of the room every day? You get to choose the type of experience you provide for your students. You get to choose how they remember school and the way it made them feel when they reflect on it 20 years from now. In what other profession can you say you have the power to do something so enormous that you change the course and path of 25+ students every year for your entire career? You can be someone’s safe space, their coach, cheerleader, form of structure, and even guardian angel. You will wear many hats, and you will excel in every one of them. To be so many things to so many people is power not to be taken lightly, but to be relished with pride and honor. You Are Loved It may not always show on your students’ faces or in their actions, but you are loved beyond measure. You will spend more time with these students each school year than most parents will with their own children. There will be times when you have to be hard on them, and it won’t be easy, especially when you feel that you have broken the bridge between you and them. There will be times where you have to build up your students, almost obsessively so, and your efforts won’t feel valued. There will be times where you will put a smile on your face when all you want to do is cry. You will face all of these moments, constantly, and each time they will make you second-guess yourself. The fact of the matter is, these students will love each of these versions of you - either in the moment, or much later down the road. Showing you care comes in many forms. Try to remember that it is the same for your students. So, no matter how hard your day has been, or how many difficult decisions you ha d to make, remember that you are loved. You will feel many emotions as an educator, and you will continue to feel them no matter how many years you put in or how much experience you get. The most important thing to remember is that all of these emotions are what make you a phenomenal teacher. Continue to push yourself, and make yourself better, but don’t let the ups and downs deter you from the bigger picture: You are doing just fine. In fact, you are doing amazing. You are here because you are meant to be - you have power, you are loved, you are life-changing, you are one of a kind, and you can do this. What advice would you give a first-year teacher? Share with us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest. TeacherVision Advisory Board Member Olivia Bechtel is a first grade teacher in Westerville, Ohio who loves implementing engaging, innovative lessons to inspire her students. In her free time she enjoys spending time with her husband, son, and two dogs.

Cosmetic Testing on Animal Essay - 702 Words

Cosmetic Testing on Animals Every year, millions of animals suffer and die in painful tests to determine the safety of cosmetics. Substances such as eye shadow and soap are tested on rabbits, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, and other animals, despite the fact that the test results don’t help prevent or treat human illness or injury. Cosmetics are not required to be tested on animals and since non-animal alternatives exist, it’s hard to understand why some companies still continue to conduct these tests. Cosmetic companies kill millions of animals every year to try to make a profit. According to the companies that perform these tests, they are done to establish the safety of a product and the ingredients. However, the Food and Drug†¦show more content†¦Acute toxicity tests, commonly called lethal dose or poisoning tests, determine the amount of a substance that will kill a percentage, even up to one-hundred percent, of a group of test animals. In these tests, a substance is forced by tube into the animals stomach or through holes cut in their throats. Experimenters observe the animals reactions which can include convulsions, labored breathing, malnutrition, skin eruptions, and bleeding from the eyes, nose, or mouth. The test was developed in 1927 and the testing continues until at least fifty percent of the animals die (usually takes 2-4 weeks). Like eye irritancy tests, lethal dose tests are unreliable and have too many variables to have a constant result. Skin irritancy tests are conducted on rabbits, guinea pigs and other animals. The process involves placing chemicals on the animals raw, shaved skin and covering the skin with adhesive plaster. The animals are immobilized in restraining devices to prevent them from struggling. Meanwhile, laboratory workers apply the chemicals which burn into the animals skin. Alternatives to cosmetic testing are less expensive and generally more reliable to perform. Animals have different biological systems than humans therefore the tests can’t be as accurate as the current tests. Some alternatives include cell cultures, tissue cultures, corneas from eye banks,Show MoreRelatedAnimal Testing For Cosmetic Products Essay2037 Words   |  9 Pagesbans on animal testing for cosmetic products in several countries, including India, Israel, Norway, the European union and mostly recently, New Zealand, the United states, Canada, and Australia are among the countries who have yet to ban this ethically wrong practice and allow it to occur. Animal testing can be dated back to the ancient times of the Greeks and Romans, but many people still believe that the old-fashioned practice of animal testing for cosmetics died years ago. Typically, animal testsRead MoreAnimal Testing For The Sake Of Cosmetics2007 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"According to the view that an animal s moral claim is equivalent to a moral right, any action that fails to treat the animal as a being with inherent worth would violate that animal s right and is thus morally objectionable (Gruen).† This quote relates to a serious matter in that the use of animals in the testing of cosmetics is inhumane. Animal testing for the sake of cosmetics is a cruel, unethical and an unnecessary method of practice. There is debate among the companies in this practice (asRead MoreAnimal Testing On Cosmetics : Its Not Necessary1620 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"100,000-200,000 animals suffer and die just for cosmetics every year around the world.†(Humanesociety.org). Majority of these innocent animals ends up dying for no absolute reason at all also. Animal testing in cosmetics is a problem all around the world, but especially in the US. These animals need our help. Animal testing on cosmetics is nothing new in the US; animals have been getting tested on since the beginning of t ime. What’s different about cosmetics testing is that it’s not necessary. There’sRead MoreEssay on Cosmetics Testing on Animals, Is It Necessary?547 Words   |  3 PagesWhy should animals have to die, just for humans to have cosmetics? It is understandable if you want to cover up a scar on your face, but to just wear makeup because you think you need it, or because you feel like you cannot live without it, is ridiculous. Animals should not be dyeing for our insecurities on how we look, or on how society judges us. If society sees someone who is not Barbie or Ken perfect they judge us, so we put makeup on, it is not right for society to do that. Because of theirRead MoreThe Evils of Cosmetic Animal Testing Essay2159 Words   |  9 PagesA lot of people buy cosmetic products being ignorant to the fact that, that one product has killed a lot of animals. How would you like being sprayed with poisonous liquids, taking poisonous eye drops?, or being fed toxic subst ances? Cosmetic factories have been doing these inhumane things and more to innocent animals for years. According to PETA, every year, millions of animals are poisoned and killed in barbaric tests that were crudely developed as long ago as the 1920s to evaluate the toxicityRead MoreBanning Cosmetic Animal Testing Should Not Be Banned2375 Words   |  10 PagesBanning Cosmetic Animal Testing â€Å"If you want to test cosmetics, why do it on some poor animal who hasn t done anything? They should use prisoners who have been convicted of murder or rape instead. So, rather than seeing if perfume irritates a bunny rabbit s eye, they should throw it in Charles Manson s eyes and ask him if it hurts† (Ellen DeGeneres). Animal testing has been dated back to the Greeks in the 2nd and 4th centuries BCE, but cosmetic animal testing did not beginRead MoreCosmetic Testing On Animals And Animals1632 Words   |  7 Pages000,000 animals are killed annually throughout the United States (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals). In America alone, over 11,000 research facilities partake in experimenting with cosmetic chemicals on animals (Collins). The number of animals used for cosmetic testing is alarming. Animals and humans differ from one another biologically in many significant ways. Statistics display irrefutably that cosmetic chemical preclinical testing on animals are unreliable. Animal testing is not onlyRead MoreCosmetic Animal Testing2215 Words   |  9 PagesMeadows English 101 4/1/2012 Cosmetic Animal Testing: Scientifically and Unethically Inaccurate Animal testing is still done by cosmetic companies even though it is unethical and scientifically inaccurate. The various tests carried out on animals is not a guarantee for using cosmetics on our skin since animals react differently to certain chemicals as compared to humans. Cosmetics companies kill millions of animals every year in pursuit of profit. The animals that suffer and die in these laboratoriesRead MoreAnimal Testing : Cosmetic Manufacturers1375 Words   |  6 PagesMany products that we use on a daily routine have been part of animal testing. Throughout the years this has become a problem that millions of people have been raising awareness for and trying to find a solution to end this cruel act. But is this enough? One of the most notorious users of animal testing is cosmetic manufacturers. Throughout the year s many cosmetic companies have been trying to transition into using cruelty-free products. For example, Marla Donato from the Chicago Tribune statesRead MoreAnima l Testing in Cosmetics Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pageshousehold items such as lotions, shampoos and cosmetics aren’t very expensive and are within reach for the public, yet the public is not knowledgeable of the fact that the products that they use everyday are put through a series of tests which involve the use of harmless animals. Several large commercial companies do not make products for animals; they decide that using these harmless creatures for the testing of their products, could be cause to be harmful to animals still go forward with these types of

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The Ana Code Of Ethics - 886 Words

Nurses are faced with making difficult decisions for theirs patients on a daily occurrence. â€Å"The STOP model helps decision makers by reminding them to consider all elements and make a best rational choice to fit the situation.† (Godfrey Crigger, 2012, p. 35) When faced with a daunting choice a nurse can use the STOP Model to help them decipher what exactly to do without becoming overwhelmed. Looking at the case study presented to us this is how I would analyze the situation using the STOP Model: â€Å"S† is for standards. There are policies and procedures put in place for a reason, to set standards in the medical field. In this case I am sure there are many requirements on how to handle a newly deceased patient. The ANA Code of Ethics is just one place to look at for standards nurses should follow in this case. This way the patient can be treated ethically and how he deserves. â€Å"T† is for thorough. At this point the nurse needs to step back and look at the situation. One does not know exactly how the patient would want his body treated until his family finally arrives to notify staff. The patient’s wishes were unknown and the staff did everything they could to save his life. Making sure everything that is done to the body is charted is the best way to be thorough in the long run. â€Å"O† is for outcomes. This reminds the nurse to consider what is best for the patient and that is it respectful. Trying to place the endotracheal tube at first w as to benefit the patient. What weShow MoreRelatedThe Ana Code Of Ethics1102 Words   |  5 PagesUpon entering the hospital setting, a nurse must ruminate on his or her three obligations – client, peer, and society. While each of these three facets obtains a basis in the ANA Cold of Ethics, they retain diverse levels, types, and severity of obligations. In this case study, Sue, a staff nurse at Holy Christ Hospital, discovers herself in a dilemma between her obligations to a patient and her obligations to a colleague. Jessica, a colleague, miscalculated the insulin dosage of a patient and failedRead MoreThe Ana Code Of Ethics932 Words   |  4 PagesHello class, After reading the ANA code of ethics there are various aspects that can relate back to nursing informatics. However, the main sections I would like to discuss would be; provisions two, three, seven, eight and nine. Provision two in the ANA code of ethics states that the nurses primary commitment is to the patient (NursingWorld). This relates back to nursing informatics because is clearly shows the importance of patient centered care. This also relates to clause 1.4 in provision oneRead MoreANA Code of Ethics1214 Words   |  5 PagesANA Code of Ethics Introduction In the field of nursing, the ANA Code of Ethics is designed to provide specific bylaws that will influence the practices of health care professionals inside the industry. However, there are different advocacy campaigns that will have an impact on how it is interpreted and applied. In the case of advocacy for population health, these issues mean that there could be moral dilemmas faced in the process (most notably: lifestyle choices and their impact on the individual)Read MoreAna Code of Ethics Summary Essays919 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction There are nine provisions included in the ANA code of ethics. The provisions can be broken into three categories. The first category is the nurse’s ethical responsibilities to her patient which is provisions one through three. Second is the nurse’s obligation to herself, provisions four through six. The third ethical requirement for nurses is related to their relationship to the nursing profession, community, nation, and world overall. This focus is summarized in provisions sevenRead MoreThe Ana Code Of Ethics And Professional Standards Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesdecision makers involve what they perceive as right, and ethical universalism, which represented the concepts that are the foundation of the ANA Code of Ethics and Professional Standards (Marquis Huston, 2015a). These concepts become difficult to decipher when considering legal ethics like negligence, malpractice, and libility interfere with the moral ethics of an individual. A law clearly defines expectations establishing wrong-doings as displayed in the Nurse Practice Act for each state (MarquisRead MoreThe American Nurse Association ( Ana ) Code Of Ethics1263 Words   |  6 Pagesand how it has affected my personal perspective on the issue. Provision three of the American Nurse Association (ANA) Code of Ethics states that the nurse promotes, advocates for, and protects the rights, health, and safety of the patient. Within this standard, it specifies that nurses have a professional responsibility in promoting a culture of safety (American Nurse Association [ANA], 2015). As nursing students, we have the privilege of working with nurses in different departments during clinicalRead MoreThe American Nurses Association ( Ana ) Code Of Ethics Essay1989 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Provision 8 of the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics, â€Å"The nurse collaborates with other health professionals and the public to protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health disparities.† (American Nurses Association, n.d.). Therefore, nurses and other healthcare workers must set aside any preconceived notions about a populace in order to provide equal care amongst all populations. This includes patients who are HIV positive. Nurses and healthcare workersRead MoreHow Ana Codes Of Ethics Affect Nursing Practice1084 Words   |  5 PagesCode of Ethics According to the American Nursing Association, â€Å" Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations† (Association, Scope and Standards of Practice, 2010). In the case scenario, a middle aged man is admitted to the hospital because of his bleeding ulcer. He isRead MoreANA Code of Ethics Provision Five Review Essay869 Words   |  4 Pages The main points of provision five of the ANA code of ethics are as follows: section 5.1, which is moral self-respect, suggests that nurses must care for themselves as much as they care for their patients. Nurses must do their best to maintain professional respect to themselves in regards of their competence and moral character. Section 5.2, which is professional growth and maintenance of competence, suggests that nurses must continue to self and peer evaluate themselves throughoutRead MoreEthical Issues Regarding The American Nurses Association ( Ana ) Code Of Ethics1787 Words   |  8 Pagesinto play when providing pediatric patient care: parents’ knowledge, cultural and religious practices, and the pediatric patient’s knowledge of their disease. Therefore, it is essen tial for nurses to follow the American Nurses Association (ANA) code of ethics to carry out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations of the profession. In this paper I will discuss the ethical issues that deal with a fourteen year old boy with Cystic Fibrosis

Reading Response on We Wear a Mask free essay sample

Response on â€Å"We Wear the Mask† Paul Laurence Dunbar’s poem â€Å"We Wear the Mask† attempts to convey that all of humanity wears a mask for basic survival. The poet ultimately conveys that since we cannot be true to ourselves we can’t expect the more from the world than lies. Dunbar uses â€Å"we† as a general term for all of humanity, although he is not excluding himself from this generalization. We as a society have at one point felt the strain of what others decide who we should be based off gender and race. The mask is what we put on to hide our emotions while we grin and say â€Å"I’m fine† while we aren’t. â€Å"It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes,-† refers to hiding our true emotions. Eyes are often portrayed as a window to the soul and what we truly feel. It our eyes are hidden, it is potentially easy to lie about what we feel. We will write a custom essay sample on Reading Response on We Wear a Mask or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He says that wearing the mask is a â€Å"debt we pay to human guile†, human guile meaning cunning or treachery, he is implying that we have to wear the mask because we have lied for so long about our true feelings, it is now expected of us to continue this grand facade. Even as we are hurting, we mutter countless pleasantries, â€Å"And mouth with myriad subtleties† as we fool ourselves and everyone else. When someone asks â€Å"How are you? †, you are expected to say â€Å"fine† or â€Å"good†; any answer besides that we feel guilty for unloading our issues on someone or we are searching for pity. Dunbar question why the world should know how we feel by our tears and sighs of defeat, but he implores for us to only let them see us with the mask on. Today, the poem seems to have foreshadowed how life would end up. Mainstream media paints a picture of how we should act and who we should be while they turn around and tell kids to be themselves. This double standard creates a divide in the identity of teenagers. Who they are at home can be the polar opposite of who they are at school or with their friends. The idea to be perfect pushes many teenagers to harming themselves while they put on a mask in order to fit in. In the last stanza, Dunbar comments that we can’t hide from God, to whom the mask is transparent as glass. We cry out when the weight of our actions we have taken is too much to bear on our own any longer as shown in â€Å"†¦our cries to thee from tortured souls arise. † We act like nothing harms us, â€Å"We sing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  but the road we have taken is hard on us and it is not a pretty one, â€Å"but oh the clay is vile/ Beneath our feet, and long the mile;† He is bitter the last two lines, â€Å"But let the world dream otherwise/We wear the mask! He states that society doesn’t see the dangers of wearing a mask and through their ignorance; some people can never it off because they are not to. The guilt that makes us cry out in a plea is not enough to make people be their own person because the fear of rejection outweighs it. The final line is delivered with an exclamation that â€Å"we wear the mask†, it suggests that the delusion of the peace that the mask offers can only become all the more true by repeating it. If it was true, humanity would be better off, unfortunately it’s not true and because it is untrue, he implores us to keep the mask on in order to not show the torment that surrounds us and ultimately, the torment in ourselves. Dunbar delivers a brutally honest, self-mocking, pessimistic view of humanity as a whole. The poem carries a significant idea: what you get is a reflection of what you project. In a world where people hide themselves it becomes the standard quo to hide yourself, and the repercussion is blatantly in our faces.

Benjamin Franklin Autobiography Review free essay sample

At the young age of seventeen he had moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania after a fight with his brother James, which caused young Franklin to have to leave Boston in order to find work. In Philadelphia he met a printer named Andrew Bradford who couldn’t have him work for him but could provide housing for him in this new and foreign city. Bradford also introduces Franklin to a man named Keimer who is a printer and has work for him. However, Franklin becomes popular in this new city he’d traveled to and moves in with a man named John Read. While living in Philadelphia Franklin’s brother-in-law writes to him and when Franklin responds his brother-in-law he shows Franklin’s response letter to the Governor of Pennsylvania, William Keith who is extremely impressed with Franklin’s ability to write. Keith offers to help Franklin start his own publishing house but first Franklin wants to travel to London. We will write a custom essay sample on Benjamin Franklin Autobiography Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He became very successful in his writing and printing in London and made a decent amount of money but soon he realized he needed to go back to Philadelphia. When returning home Franklin learns Keith is no longer a governor and is just an ordinary citizen and he continues to work for Keimer and eventually takes over Keimer’s printing house with a plan to start a newspaper using all of the printing supplies he had from London. Franklin was always interested in meeting new people. When Keimer moves to New Jersey for work, Franklin joins him for that very reason. At this time he forms the Junto, which is a group that discusses morality and philosophy. Franklin marries John Read’s daughter, and starts a library. He begins becoming more interested in politics and making the society a better place. At this time in his life, Franklin lost one of his son’s at a very young age. In the early 1740’s Franklin begins inventing common things we use today. He publishes many of his own pieces of writing, and they are all very successful. Towards the end of the autobiography however, Franklin stops writing about all his accomplishments and events in his life. He seems to be more focused on his thoughts and ideas about society, religion, and it seems to be condescending. I have mixed feelings about Benjamin Franklin: The Autobiography and Other Writings because I feel as if he started out to be such an intellectual and one of America’s most well know thinkers of all time and somehow evolved into a somewhat bitter person. It may be silly to compare to but in my mind I think of when that really new, young, popular celebrity is on the rise and everyone just fawns over them they soon either take up strange religion’s, they have different beliefs, and they aren’t as down to earth as they were when they became very popular. Somehow I believe Franklin was like that in some way. â€Å"American hero† with a lot of troubled thoughts and complex ideas is what comes to mind when I think of Benjamin Franklin now. All in all Benjamin Franklin helped shape The United States of America in the eighteenth century and even today in the twenty-first century. He is a pioneer of early American History and this book is hands down a perfect read for an American History course in college because it shows the way our country was in the 1700’s and even how everything is worded gives a good outlook on the culture of early America.

Latin American City Structure Model

Latin American City Structure Model In 1980, geographers Ernest Griffin and Larry Ford developed a generalized model to describe the structure of cities in Latin America after concluding that the organization of many cities in that region grew following certain patterns. Their general model (diagrammed here) claims that Latin American cities are built up around a core central business district (CBD). Out of that district comes a commercial spine that is surrounded by elite housing. These areas are then surrounded by three concentric zones of housing that decrease in quality as one moves away from the CBD. Background and Development of Latin American City Structure As many Latin American Cities began to grow and develop during colonial times, their organization was mandated by a set of laws called the Laws of the Indies. These were a set of laws issued by Spain to regulate the social, political, and economic structure of its colonies outside of Europe. These laws mandated everything from treatment of the Indians to the width of the streets. In terms of city structure, the Laws of the Indies required that colonial cities have a grid pattern built around a central plaza. Blocks near the plaza were for residential development for the citys elite. The streets and development farther from the central plaza were then developed for those with less social and economic status. As these cities later began to grow and the Laws of the Indies no longer applied, this grid pattern worked only in areas with slow development and minimal industrialization. In faster growing cities this central area became built up as a central business district (CBD). These areas were the economic and administrative cores of the cities but they did not expand much prior to the 1930s. In the mid- to late 20th century the CBD began to further expand and the organization of the colonial cities of Latin America was mostly demolished and the stable central plaza became the node for the evolution of an Anglo-American styled CBD. As the cities continued to grow, various industrial activities built up around the CBD because of a lack of infrastructure father away. This resulted in a mix of business, industry, and homes for the wealthy near the CBD. Around this same time, Latin American cities also experienced in-migration from the countryside and high birth rates as the poor tried to move closer to cities for work. This resulted in the development of squatter settlements on the edge of many cities. Because these were are on the periphery of the cities they were also the least developed. Over time, however, these neighborhoods became more stable and gradually obtained more infrastructure. Model of Latin American City Structure In looking at these developmental patterns of Latin American cities, Griffin and Ford developed a model to describe their structure that can be applied to almost all major cities in Latin America. This model shows that most cities have a central business district, one dominant elite residential sector, and a commercial spine. These areas are then surrounded by a series of concentric zones that decrease in residential quality farther from the CBD. Central Business District The center of all Latin American cities is the central business district. These areas are home to the best employment opportunities and they are the commercial and entertainment hubs for the city. They are also very well developed in terms of infrastructure and most have many modes of public transportation so that people can easily get into and out of them. Spine and Elite Residential Sector After the CBD the next most dominant part of Latin American cities is the commercial spine that is surrounded by residential developments for the most elite and wealthy people in the city. The spine itself is considered an extension of the CBD and it is home to many commercial and industrial applications. The elite residential sector is where nearly all of the citys professionally built houses are and the upper class and upper middle class live in these regions. In many cases, these areas also have large tree-lined boulevards, golf courses, museums, restaurants, parks, theaters, and zoos. Land use planning and zoning are also very strict in these areas. Zone of Maturity The zone of maturity is located around the CBD and is considered an inner city location. These areas have better-constructed homes and in many cities, these areas have middle-income residents who filtered in after the upper class residents moved out of the inner city and into the elite residential sector. These areas have a fully developed infrastructure. Zone of in Situ Accretion The zone of in situ accretion is a transitional area for Latin American cities that is between the zone of maturity and the zone of peripheral squatter settlements. The homes are of modest qualities that vary widely in size, type, and quality of materials. These areas look like they are in a constant state of on-going construction and homes are unfinished. Infrastructure such as roads and electricity is only completed in some areas. Zone of Peripheral Squatter Settlements The zone of peripheral squatter settlements is located on the edge of Latin American cities and it is where the poorest people in the cities live. These areas have virtually no infrastructure and many homes are built by their residents using whatever materials they can find. Older peripheral squatter settlements are better developed as residents often continually work to improve the areas, while newer settlements are just starting. Age Differences in Latin American City Structure Like the age differences present in the zone of peripheral squatter settlements age differences are important in the overall structure of Latin American cities as well. In older cities with slow population growth, the zone of maturity is often larger and the cities appear more organized than younger cities with very fast population growth. As a result, the size of each zone is a function of the age of the city and of the rate of population growth in relation to the economic capacity of the city to absorb effectively additional residents and to extend public services. Revised Model of Latin American City Structure In 1996 Larry Ford presented a revised model of Latin American city structure after further development in the cities made them more complicated than the 1980 general model showed. His revised model (diagrammed here) incorporated six changes to the original zones. The changes are as follows: 1) The new central city should be divided into a CBD and a Market. This change shows that many cities now have offices, hotels, and retail structures in their downtowns as well as their original CBDs. 2) The spine and elite residential sector now have a mall or edge city at the end to provide goods and services to those in the elite residential sector. 3) Many Latin American cities now have separate industrial sectors and industrial parks that are outside of the CBD. 4) Malls, edge cities, and industrial parks are connected in many Latin American cities by a periferico or ring highway so that residents and workers can travel between them easier. 5) Many Latin American cities now have middle class housing tracts that are located close to the elite housing sector and the periferico. 6) Some Latin American cities are also undergoing gentrification to protect historical landscapes. These areas are often located in the zone of maturity near the CBD and the elite sector. This revised model of Latin American city structure still takes into account the original model but it allows for new the development and changes that constantly occur in the rapidly growing Latin American region. Resources and Further Reading Ford, Larry R. A New and Improved Model of Latin American City Structure. Geographical Review, vol. 86, no.3, 1996.Griffin, Ernest and Ford, Larry. A Model of Latin American City Structure. Geographical Review, vol. 70, no. 4, 1980.

Is the NHS doing enough to combat hospital acquired infections Essay

Is the NHS doing enough to combat hospital acquired infections - Essay Example The first is transmission from pathogens that may be found on the surface of the hands of the health personnel. Secondly, the infections can also be transmitted through dirty air purification systems, contaminated water, unhygienic staff as well as improper physical layout of the hospital leading to congestion. The level of sickness of a patient and the length of time that he stays in hospital can also facilitate the transmission of pathogens (Davey P.  2005 pp. 33-37). Clostridium difficile is the most common hospital acquired infection that causes diarrhea. It occurs as a result of toxins produced by the bacteria which cause damage to the bowel thereby causing diarrhea. It is usually spread through contamination of surfaces with the bacteria from the stool of an infected person. Prevention can be achieved through cleanliness in the hospital surfaces and most importantly, washing of hands after visiting the toilet facilities. Staphylococcus aureus is also common bacteria which are found on the skin surface as well as inside the nose of even people who are healthy. The infections on the skin are normally minor with symptoms of boils.  In more complicated situations, the bacteria may result in fever, ache and serious infections. This usually occurs amongst people who have a frail immunity. As in C. difficile prevention of its spread includes promotion of hand hygiene. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Enterococci are bacteria that are usually found in the bowels of human beings as well as the skin. The infections may crop up anyplace within in the body, such as in the intestines and the urinary tract. These infections are usually difficult to treat. Control measures include tracking incidences and reporting on regular basis (Wenzel R, 2001 pp. 22-26). Clostridium difficile and MRSA are the most common hospital transmitted infections in the United Kingdom. The two kinds of infections are usually caused by improper hygienic practices amongst the patients and

Current Technologies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Current Technologies - Research Paper Example In fact, in order to learn strategies and development techniques for mobile web development we would not need to learn something new. However, we will need to look at website design in an innovative way, one that is definitely more limiting as compared to the design of normal website browsers. In addition, to deal with this kind of issues that occur in mobile website design, and to get results that are as helpful and user-friendly as our normal website, a number of innovative problem-solving skills are necessary (Chapman, 2010; Cameronmoll, 2008; Smashing Editorial, 2012). Moreover, both the mobile web development and desktop web development appear to be a little bit different areas however the technology, skills and development ideas required for these both areas of development appear to be similar. This report outlines the similarities and differences between these two types of web development. This report will discuss these areas with respect to a number of factors. Type of users A survey on a mobile technology usage showed that the mobile users till 2009 have increased to 3 billion all through the world. Without a doubt, the Internet usage on mobile devices is gradually rising. Additionally, these days we can see a number of types of users who use different kinds of mobile devices. In addition, in the majority of mobile internet users we see people who are interested in social networks, news feeds and entertainment. On the other hand, desktop web users are a little bit higher. Also, these users can be of any age and any gender. In this scenario, they use desktop web systems for carrying out a wide variety of tasks (Chapman, 2010; Cameronmoll, 2008; Smashing Editorial, 2012). User environment The mobile web environment is extremely aligned to content, context, and component specific atmosphere. Alternatively, access to web based data and contents on a mobile device is mostly affected by surrounding circumstances, or simply the informational significance of t he job that we currently have, and the future potential of the systems being utilized. As compared to the desktop web experience, where we have a widescreen space, we also have much higher speed of web access that is much more reliable. The data input into desktop web systems is also very fast due to the usage of mouse and keyboard. On the other hand, the mobile web usage is frequently limited to a small mobile screen, one-handed experience and irregular interaction. In addition, it can be significantly assessed that desktop web systems and mobile web systems are very much different in user environments. Moreover, the mobile web systems are restricted and slow while desktop systems are much wider and reliable systems (Chapman, 2010; Cameronmoll, 2008; Smashing Editorial, 2012). Screen sizes Some of the common resolutions for standard cell phones comprise 101? 80 pixels to 320?480 pixel screen. In other words, this screen size of mobile web development is very limited. Hence, we have to put all information and data in this limited area. On the other hand, the desktop web development provides very much freedom while designing these systems. In addition, mobile web creates need to put a lot of effort to design systems in a way that they can offer a great deal of user support and capability for placement of information in

Impact of Social Injustice on Nigeria

Impact of Social Injustice on Nigeria The question of social justice is a question of what is a proper social order, which can guarantee human equitable and equally distribution of benefits and burdens in a society, which will lead to a flourishing state where individuals are treated equally by the state regardless of society status or creed. A just social order cannot allow for a society of slaves, where for some people, resources external to them are been subjected entirely to communal control, such that they having no control or very little control of means of life, thus leading to their autonomy been undermined. With regards to the Nigerian situation, the Nigeria’s socio-political conundrums stem from numerous complicated tides. Egharevba (2007) states that the â€Å"nation-state of Nigeria emerged out of political amalgamations of extremely diverse ethnic groups and class configurations brought together as a colonial necessity in 1914. In other words, Nigeria’s problems are predicated on the partition ing of Africa by European at the Berlin conference. This conference left the continent with an illogical pattern of geographical distribution which also reflected on the amalgamation of Nigerian by the then colonial masters (Mentiki, 2002). Ammo (1997) sees the make-up of the Nigerian state as an embodying the merging of different people with different worldview that lacks a coherent and functional unity and is consequently fragile. As will be shown in the following analysis, this research seeks to analyse how the impact of social injustice in the Nigeria state has led to the bigger problem of ethnic cleavages which has further prevented the country from attaining any meaningful development. Balewa a former Prime Minister of Nigeria, states that some problems facing the nation include the problems of indiscipline, tribalism, lack of patriotism and declining productivity. But one of the most obvious is the tribal prejudice inherent in the nation’s polity as a result of the inequitable distribution of the ethnic groups across her landscape and the persistent attempt of the giant ethnic groups to monopolize control over state resources thereby usurping and undermining the far lesser groups in the nation’s polity. This assertion has been arrived at having keenly analysed the views, lamentations, opinions and findings of some Nigerian socio-political thinkers on the problem of social injustice in the Nigerian state (Oyeshile, 2005). According to these authors, it is the repressing of the interests of some groups (disadvantaged in size, status, ethnicity, etc.) that has characterized the bane of attaining social justice and by extension, social development in the country (ibid). Anikpo identified the appropriation of available resources in Nigeria as characterized by the fundamental concept of Marx’s theory which defines the instability arising particularly from distorted production and rewarded system; as societal goods are distributed to individuals based on their social class or productivity ability. Hence, this situation of polarization of various ethnic groups, social groups and class lines, etc. has led to the formation of ethnic militias raising several questions about social justice in the society. According to Oyeshile (2005), social injustice in terms of unfair and inequitable distribution of social goods satisfactorily among the multi ethnic groups in Nigeria over the years has resulted in the sharpening of the individual’s allegiance to ethnic inclinations rather than to state authority.1 This reality, according to him, has led to the weakening of the federal government and state authorities in propagating agendas of national interest and development, â€Å"since it has become the case that issues of national interest can no longer be considered in their own merits but on how they affect the ethnic groups†2. In other words, the diversities in a contest complicated differences in language, religion and level of economic attainment has further disintegrate the various ethnic tribes in the Nigerian state. In buttressing the above claim, Oguejiofor (2005) refers to the attitude of Nigerians towards the annulment of the June 12, 1993 election, an election which could have consolidated democratic rule in the country years ago. According to him, the North did not want a revisit of the June 12 election simply because its annulment ensured that it (the North) remain in control of power. He states further that â€Å"the other sections of Nigeria did not see their interest attacked by the cancellation of the election (and as such did not protest), while for most Yoruba who mounted serious protest, it was doubtful whether they would have done so if the candidate who won the election were not of Yoruba extraction† (ibid). In a further analysis of the Nigerian socio-political situation, Oladipo observed another deepening effect of social injustice in the Nigeria polity. He observed that at the receiving end of the ethic pervasiveness, structural imbalance and poor distribution of social w ealth, is the common man. The common man in Nigeria has, for reasons quoted above, found life extremely burdensome and unbearable because of the inability to access the essential things of life. Oladipo further made a call for the restructuring of the body polity of the country from an ethical and ideological perspective4. Furthermore, Ograh (2014) avers that structural imbalance and social injustice in Nigeria is represented in two main forms. Firstly, in the exertion of control and appropriation of state resources by more advantaged ethnic groups over the disadvantaged ones even when the later seem to be the main producers of such resources. Secondly, structural imbalance and social injustice in the Nigeria polity consists in the overwhelming gulp between the living standards of the few elite citizens and the majority commoners. Having considered the above analysis, it is clear therefore that measures must be taken towards restructuring the social order in Nigeria in order for meaningful progress and development can be achieved. Sadly, only few attempts have been made by the government towards achieving the aforementioned objective. Even those few attempts have ended in futility because as Oladipo () acknowledges that where the ideological underpinning is strong and resilient the society survives and thrive but where it is weak, the society’s capacity for social progress becomes impaired5. What this means is that there is need for strong ideological foundation for the rectification of the social disorder and injustice which is on display in Nigeria. This is where I find the theoretical postulations of John Rawls on social justice very useful because Rawls’ conception of justice contains ideological guides for rectifying social injustices in multi-ethnic societies like the Nigerian federation. R awls believes that the major function of the basic structure of any society is to distribute the benefits and burdens of that society equitably. The benefits of social cooperation, are wealth and income, food and shelter, authority and power, right and benefits among others while the business of the social cooperation included, duties, obligations and liabilities. However, the most important value of this research is to reemphasize the critical role of the concept of social justice in the formation and sustenance of a stable, viable, humane and progressive society.

Lesson Planning and Teacher Chat Rooms :: Education Technology Internet Papers

Lesson Planning and Teacher Chat Rooms The nature of research and discovery of a topic at one time used to be complicated. Going to the library, searching through piles of cards that were categorized and confusing in itself. Trying to find the various sections of material and checking out the material (books, periodicals, etc.) I just thought, thank God for the library course offered through the University! How would I have ever found what I was looking for! I could brows through the high school, junior high school library, but when I got to college and saw the different library buildings. I thought to myself, "I hope I can get through this!" I did, but it took time and patience. Time and patience is one thing I always seem to run short of. This is the reason why I am in favor of technology and most of all, the Internet. I believe the age of information has brought a lot of good things and bad things, but we won't go into this because that is another topic in itself. When I began using the Internet I did not find it as difficult as going to the library and learning how to search for a book or a required material. Again, I was exposed to the computer and the Internet through my college classes. Therefore, I did not find it so complex when I got a computer of my own to use at home. As a matter of fact, the only problem that I had was waiting for the pages to load and for me to view the information. Throughout my life my only purpose for using the Internet was to communicate with friends through e-mail and find information for my well being and amusement. It was not until later that I found it a little more difficult in using the Internet. I was asked to do rese arch on the Internet in my English class, I thought, "Piece of cake!" Yeah, right! "Web sites are not organized like books in a library and it would be impossible to catalog all of its sites," Branham says. I knew that, but what I didn't know was that it would not be as simple as I thought, looking for a resource that pertained to my topic specifically. Garcia 2 I was excited when I first heard about doing research on the Internet. I thought to myself, "This is great! Now, I really get to spend the time and get the kind of information that I have been wanting to get for a long time.

The bet

It was another lonely night for Mrs Maloney as she sat in her armchair in the middle of her living room with a cup of tea. Her husband had been out all day again in the bookmaker's; it was if he lived there. Eventually he came home and Mrs Maloney had prepared them both dinner, but his had gone cold because she had already eaten hers earlier hoping he would have been there so they could enjoy it together. â€Å"Hello dear I made you some dinner in the kitchen, you'll have to heat it up because its gone a bit cold now† she told him nervously. He replied negatively â€Å"Alright woman let me breath I've only just got in the door!† She could tell he had been in the pub as well the way he staggered in the door. Mrs Maloney quietly started watching television again when she heard Mr Maloney groaning from the kitchen. Then she walked in to see what was wrong, it was just him complaining again. She let him carry on eating it but sat down at the table with him. She asked, â€Å"So how was your day dear?† But he replied, â€Å"Let me finish my dinner first† So she did. â€Å"My day was crap, I didn't win anything† Mr Maloney told her. â€Å"My day wasn't brilliant either, but I found something out† She informed, â€Å"What's that then?† Mr Maloney asked, â€Å"You know Jim from the butchers.† She replied â€Å"Yes† he said curiously † Well his wife is expecting a baby. Isn't it great news† she replied. Mr Maloney responded with no interest † yeah great news.† â€Å"I wish we could have had a baby.† She said. â€Å"Well it's too late your fifty six now and I can't be asked.† He exclaimed, but some of it was the beer talking. She felt really depressed now like someone had just died. It was getting late so Mrs Maloney decided to go to bed; on the way up the stairs she asked, † Are you coming up dear?† He groaned â€Å"in a minute† Later when she was tucked up in bed she heard Mr Maloney switch the lights off and slowly creep up the stairs. As he entered Mrs Maloney pretended t be asleep so he wouldn't say anything. He climbed into the bed and gradually dozed off. The next morning she woke up and gave a big stretch only to find that Mr Maloney had gone. Mrs Maloney didn't make a big deal out of it and carried on as if it were a normal day, which in fact it was. After she had eaten and got changed she watched the television to check out today's news. It announced that the Grand National was running today, â€Å"that's why he's shot off then.† She told herself. She grabbed her coat and dashed to the town centre where the bookmaker's is. When she arrived it was rammed with people all doing their shopping there was hardly room to breathe, but she started searching for the bookmakers to find Mr Maloney. Mrs Maloney eventually found it but she just stood there outside thinking of what would happen if she went in. She picked up her courage and opened the door and everyone inside stared at her, she felt intimidated. She scanned around looking for her husband only to find he wasn't there. Meanwhile Mr Maloney was in his favourite bookmakers, which was in a nearby village about fifteen minutes away from his house. He had bet half his savings on this race because he had a feeling he was going to win. The race was about to start and Mr Maloney had been waiting around an hour for this. He was with his friend Robert who always went with him to bookmakers; they were like a partnership because they were never alone in the place. He told Robert â€Å"I know I'm going to win this time, I just know it.† But Robert replied â€Å"yeah same old story every time† then the race was off and the horses roared out of the starting blocks. Mr Maloney was shouting at the television â€Å"come on red lightning!† he watched with his glued to the screen but the horse was failing him as usual. The race was coming to an end and red lightning was not winning but Mr Maloney didn't care about that anymore, he was more worried about the fact that he'd lost half his savings. He then threw his ticket into bin and shot out the door aggressively to go home. When he arrived home he went into the house. He asked † Mary we're you?† but there was no reply. He then went into the kitchen she wasn't there either. Then he went upstairs to the bedroom and seen a note on the bed. He took it downstairs because he needed his glasses. He read it and it said † I cant live with you anymore because you are driving me crazy. I did a bet on the horses and won so I have enough money to start a new life, sorry but its for the best, yours Mary.† He was angry and swung his arm across the mantelpiece knocking of all the crystal. Then he picked up a bottle and poured a glass of whisky, after he drank it he threw the glass up the wall and it shattered all over the floor. Then he fell to his knees and cried out â€Å"how could you do this to me!† and he fell into over and cried. The bet It was another lonely night for Mrs Maloney as she sat in her armchair in the middle of her living room with a cup of tea. Her husband had been out all day again in the bookmaker's; it was if he lived there. Eventually he came home and Mrs Maloney had prepared them both dinner, but his had gone cold because she had already eaten hers earlier hoping he would have been there so they could enjoy it together. â€Å"Hello dear I made you some dinner in the kitchen, you'll have to heat it up because its gone a bit cold now† she told him nervously. He replied negatively â€Å"Alright woman let me breath I've only just got in the door!† She could tell he had been in the pub as well the way he staggered in the door. Mrs Maloney quietly started watching television again when she heard Mr Maloney groaning from the kitchen. Then she walked in to see what was wrong, it was just him complaining again. She let him carry on eating it but sat down at the table with him. She asked, â€Å"So how was your day dear?† But he replied, â€Å"Let me finish my dinner first† So she did. â€Å"My day was crap, I didn't win anything† Mr Maloney told her. â€Å"My day wasn't brilliant either, but I found something out† She informed, â€Å"What's that then?† Mr Maloney asked, â€Å"You know Jim from the butchers.† She replied â€Å"Yes† he said curiously † Well his wife is expecting a baby. Isn't it great news† she replied. Mr Maloney responded with no interest † yeah great news.† â€Å"I wish we could have had a baby.† She said. â€Å"Well it's too late your fifty six now and I can't be asked.† He exclaimed, but some of it was the beer talking. She felt really depressed now like someone had just died. It was getting late so Mrs Maloney decided to go to bed; on the way up the stairs she asked, † Are you coming up dear?† He groaned â€Å"in a minute† Later when she was tucked up in bed she heard Mr Maloney switch the lights off and slowly creep up the stairs. As he entered Mrs Maloney pretended t be asleep so he wouldn't say anything. He climbed into the bed and gradually dozed off. The next morning she woke up and gave a big stretch only to find that Mr Maloney had gone. Mrs Maloney didn't make a big deal out of it and carried on as if it were a normal day, which in fact it was. After she had eaten and got changed she watched the television to check out today's news. It announced that the Grand National was running today, â€Å"that's why he's shot off then.† She told herself. She grabbed her coat and dashed to the town centre where the bookmaker's is. When she arrived it was rammed with people all doing their shopping there was hardly room to breathe, but she started searching for the bookmakers to find Mr Maloney. Mrs Maloney eventually found it but she just stood there outside thinking of what would happen if she went in. She picked up her courage and opened the door and everyone inside stared at her, she felt intimidated. She scanned around looking for her husband only to find he wasn't there. Meanwhile Mr Maloney was in his favourite bookmakers, which was in a nearby village about fifteen minutes away from his house. He had bet half his savings on this race because he had a feeling he was going to win. The race was about to start and Mr Maloney had been waiting around an hour for this. He was with his friend Robert who always went with him to bookmakers; they were like a partnership because they were never alone in the place. He told Robert â€Å"I know I'm going to win this time, I just know it.† But Robert replied â€Å"yeah same old story every time† then the race was off and the horses roared out of the starting blocks. Mr Maloney was shouting at the television â€Å"come on red lightning!† he watched with his glued to the screen but the horse was failing him as usual. The race was coming to an end and red lightning was not winning but Mr Maloney didn't care about that anymore, he was more worried about the fact that he'd lost half his savings. He then threw his ticket into bin and shot out the door aggressively to go home. When he arrived home he went into the house. He asked † Mary we're you?† but there was no reply. He then went into the kitchen she wasn't there either. Then he went upstairs to the bedroom and seen a note on the bed. He took it downstairs because he needed his glasses. He read it and it said † I cant live with you anymore because you are driving me crazy. I did a bet on the horses and won so I have enough money to start a new life, sorry but its for the best, yours Mary.† He was angry and swung his arm across the mantelpiece knocking of all the crystal. Then he picked up a bottle and poured a glass of whisky, after he drank it he threw the glass up the wall and it shattered all over the floor. Then he fell to his knees and cried out â€Å"how could you do this to me!† and he fell into over and cried.

Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House - 1823 Words

A Doll House is a play that was written by Henrik Ibsen in 1879. Nora Helmer is a wife and mother who secretly loaned money to save her husband’s, Torvald, life. Torvald views and treats Nora has a doll and she goes along with it. As conflict comes and goes Nora decides that her current life is not what she wants for herself. She no longer wants to be anyone’s â€Å"doll† and decides to leave her family in search of independence. This play was controversial during the time it was written because of the all the morals it ignored. This piece of literature is well known and has been approached in many different ways of analysis. Because of the plays controversy, using ethical criticism is a great approach because of the morals it went against. The gap of inequality in the 1870’s between men and women was prevalent, and it is evident in Nora’s life. Feminist criticism is an approach that can be used to analyze the actions of Nora. These two approaches are good although, the best way to analyze A Doll House is Marxist criticism because everyone is a part of the economic structure, and can be understood and related too. Ethical criticism is an approach for analyzing whether the literature is morally â€Å"right† or â€Å"wrong† (Quinn). There is an idea that reading ethical literature will â€Å"improve the character of a reader,† and that being exposed to â€Å"wrong literature can have a delirious effect on a person’s moral character† (Quinn). This approach can reduce the theme ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1152 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† addresses the importance of the roles women play throughout this time period. Women are thought to be like â€Å"dolls† to their husbands, by obeying their commands and keeping a good image. We see the main character, Nora Helmer struggle to keep her perfect image of a great wife as troubles start to arise. Throughout the play we begin to see Nora push through her troubles and find her true identity, Nora shifts from being the loving, perfect wife, to being a strongRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House884 Words   |  4 Pagestransform minor lies such as white lies into something more dangerous. When one works to conceal a lie, a cloud of deception hangs over those involved and can lead to the destruction of friendships, relationships, and even marriages. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House, he uses the motif of lies and deception to illustrate the fragileness of the Helmer’s marriage, which ultimately leads to its demise. Nora Helmer, a naà ¯ve woman who has never been given the chance to mature into an independent womanRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House995 Words   |  4 Pagesimagining and guiding the integration of all these elements belongs to the director. One of the toughest tasks of a director is to reinvigorate a socially important and renowned production while maintaining its original message and composition. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House is a socially important realistic play that portrays the gender dynamics that plagued the nineteenth century and questions the expectations held for women in a household and society. The play is still incredibly influential because the issuesRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 851 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsens’s, A Doll House, details the lives of the Helmers, a seemingly perfect couple. As the story progresses from act to act, it becomes quite obvious that their relationship is everything but perfect. Complic ations arise quickly when a forged loan by Nora Helmer is brought to her husband Torvald’s attention. The prejudices women experience, particularly, Nora is a definite tone in this play. Henrick Ibsen does a great job at showing both sides of the oppression of women, particularly withinRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1472 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"A Doll House† Playing many different characters is what Henrik Ibsen’s meant to do in A Doll House. The main characters fool people into believing they are someone other than their true selves. Nora plays her role flawlessly as she pretends to be living two different lives. Nora is Torvalds devoted and self-indulgent wife, but naively enough, she doesn’t realize she is a courageous, self-sufficient women. As the character’s progress so does Nora’s personality, she goesRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 924 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsen once wrote a play called â€Å"A Doll House.† Back in 1879 when the play was written there was lots of controversy on whether are not they play should have been showed. It created lots of arguments because of the time that they play was done (Hemmer). In the time frame that Ibsen wrote his play it was a time where women really had no say. Women would listen to their husbands and do as they say. At the end of the original play Nora, the main character, left her husband and her kids. IbsenRead MoreAn Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House1460 Words   |  6 Pagesopposition to the idea of a female president. Traditionalist opposition has women body shamed into the fixed standard of beauty being the skinny Caucasian blonde. People still look down on women in troubled relationships as being their fault. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House puts into criticism the problems brought by traditionalism though the story between Torvald and Nora. Where Nora has to keep a secret how she saved her husband’s life to save her marriage, because she fears a woman helping a man would shameRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesIn Hendrik Ibsen play â€Å"A Doll House† Nora is a women who had typical women gender role in the 19th century to take care of the children and the home so that she can please her husband while her husband handles all the outs ide business and money as the primary care taker. Nora has always lived with a man that took care of her and told her what to do. Nora completely accepted her expectations and â€Å"conditions of the world in which she live† as Torvald put it, because she never had the opportunity toRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1154 Words   |  5 Pagessacrifice mean? Is it important? Sacrifice can be defined as an act of immolating someone or something. Will one might think it depends on the person to decide on the importance of the sacrifice? In light of this play, â€Å"A Doll House† written realistically by Henrik Ibsen, he has portrayed many symbols throughout the play. One of the many symbols that stood out was sacrifice. Clothing also symbolized some importance in the play and the Tarantella dance as well. However, what exactly is a symbolRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay981 Words   |  4 Pagestraditional stereotypes, men are strong and dominant, while women are weak and submissive. There are moments in the person’s life when men do not appreciate their wives and go across their limits. This view sounds a lot like what Henrik Ibsen wrote about in his play, A Doll House. Ibsen presented gender roles through social roles, identity and marriage. This factors affect how the characters in the play are viewed by society. Althouth gender roles have changed over time and males and females have become more

Einsteins Dreams - 2185 Words

Alan Lightmans Einsteins Dreams For those of us who believe in physics, this separation between past, present, and future is only an illusion, however tenacious. Albert Einstein For sure, one of the most important and discussed man of the 20th century is Albert Einstein - may be the most eminent German Jew. And many were the authors trying to describe the life and deeds of this prominent man. But one surely differs from the others in NOT trying to describe Einsteins life but imagine his dreams. His name is Alan Lightman and the book that does deserve this examination is Einsteins Dreams. First I must say a few words about the author. Mr. Lightman was born in United States of America, in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1948†¦show more content†¦Who wants to study and make money if he will not live longer than a few months? A sense of liberation envelops everyone. People pay their bills with smile, because money is losing its value, and they settle their differences with a shrug because there is nothing to worry about anymore. They do not seem to mind that the world will soon end, because everyone shares the same fate. A world with one month is a world of equality. Among the stories, there is an interesting fantasy of a world that has three dimensions instead of one. There every moment branches into three futures. A man stands on his fourth-floor balcony. Should he go to the womans house in Fribourg? Should he visit her? These questions torment his mind. Then the time divides into three. In one of the worlds the man decides not to see her again. He keeps to the company of men. He works hard at the pharmaceutical, where he hardly notices the female assistant manager. In three years he meets another nice woman. She makes love to him very slowly, over a period of months. They marry, they live quietly, grow old and contented. In the second world the man decides to meet the woman. He goes to her house in Fribourg. They sit on the couch and his heart pounds. They make love, loudly and with passion. After some time he moves to her place. She tramples him andShow MoreRelatedDaydreams Essay: Exam Question1127 Words   |  5 PagesDaydreams A day dream is defined as ‘a series of pleasant thoughts that distract one’s attention from the present’. In my opinion, a daydream is not a frivolous activity practiced only by a doe eyed schoolgirl during an unendurable French lesson. A daydream acts as a subconscious portal which allows one to escape from ones everyday life of stress and negative circumstances. One could almost say it is chewing gum for the mind. Of course, some differ in that view. A critically acclaimed authorRead MoreThe Great Albert Einstein Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesorganize and formulate the most complex equations and designs, making light of problems previously thought to be impossible. 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Analysis Of George Hemingway s Big Two Hearted River

The Modern Men No two men are exactly alike, not even identical twins. Some attributes, appearance, and ideology may mirror, but no two men are alike. Differences in how the world is perceived will allow this individual to stand together, but appear far apart. The modern method of writing allows for individuals do exactly that, stand together, but appear to be fair. Writers Ernest Hemingway and T.S. Eliot demonstrated such disassociation in living deliberately in time and place of Nick and J. Alfred Prufrock. Ernest Hemingway’s story Big Two-Hearted River tells the story of a young man who returns to his old fishing hole after the war. Nick, is his name and he returns home faced with some of the same feeling and thoughts of war. Although, he did have a home to return to, everything around him appeared demolished, at least in his mind. Nick, did what any other man returning home for war would do. He packed a backpack and set off for a fishing and camping trip, an attempt to esc ape reality, even if it was just to go fishing for a few days. As described in the story â€Å"the trout keeping themselves steady in the current with wavering fins† (Hemingway, 2015) which may resemble control of life and movement, â€Å"Nick’s obsession with controlling small details speaks to a deeply wounded man† (McDavid, 2013). As the trout in the water use its fins to control its’ movement, overcoming obstacles, Nick attempts to do the same. With a fishing pole and a backpack filled with useful tools,Show MoreRelatedEssay Mrs.Mallards character (The story of an hour)2246 Words   |  9 Pages Analysis of Hemingway’s Narrative Technique as a Short- Story Writer For many years, the narrative technique of Hemingway has been under debate. Writers before him had already achieved works that bear the characteristics of the modern short story, and many of their works could stand today, with those of Hemingway and of writers like Faulkner, as representative short stories of modern times. What distinguishes Hemingway both from his predecessors and from his contemporaries, however, is the theoryRead MoreAN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD12092 Words   |  49 PagesHigh School Department A.Y. 2013-2014 In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements In English IV AN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD Submitted to: Mrs. Joneth D. Vibar Submitted by: Vincent del Castillo IV-St.Francis of Assisi Outline of Analysis 1 Author’s Style 1.1 Anton Chekhov as a Playwright and Author of Short Stories 1.1.1 Russia’s best known Modern Playwright 1.1.1

Developing A Balanced Investment Portfolio

Question: Discuss about the Developing A Balanced Investment Portfolio for a Fund Manager. Answer: Introduction: When it comes to constructing a portfolio, different investors target different portfolio and select the fund manager depending on their requirements and preference. Selection of fund manager is just the initial requirement for the portfolio construction. In the wider sense, building of portfolio is the procedure of selecting the investments, which are best suited as the clients requirement of return with compared to risk tolerance level. Private and professional investors construct their portfolio in different ways. The easiest way to explain these strategies are top down test and bottom up test. Bottom up test: This approach is normally used by the private individual investor and starts from selecting the fund and the fund manager as per their choice. Only after completing this, they go for planning the portfolio with considering the risk and return factor. In addition, the clients behaviour, risk tolerance level and preference should be taken into consideration. The investors always prefers top-performing funds, which results into loss of money for them as they buy the top selling funds at a loss (Reddy et al. 2013) Top-down test: Professional investor, on the other hand, starts the investment plan with investigating the available funds. They apply various steps after generating a framework to select what type of investments is required. Only after analysing these factors, they select other investments or individual funds. Planning the portfolio after considering the investment objectives and risk tolerance level assist in meeting the targets within the acceptable level of risk (Mazzola and Gerace 2015). The top-down test normally goes along the following wide approaches: Deciding about how to distribute money over various categories of investment Select the type of investment where to invest Choose on the stability among index passive fund and actively managed fund Assessment of various fund manager and individual funds Figure 1: Construction methods of portfolio (Source: Han 2013) Steps in planning the portfolio: Allocation of asset: Asset is a thing of value, which includes stocks, bonds, cash, any other securities and physical things like car, house or inventories. One of the major factors of planning a portfolio is the allocation of assets. Allocation ensures that the portfolio has perfect mix of assets to suit the clients situation, expectation of return and risk tolerance level. Before planning for the portfolio, the clients attitude to risk must be evaluated. The fund manager can help the investor in determining their risk tolerance level. The planner must conduct a meeting with the client and decide about the allocation of asset that suits the client best with regard to his requirement (Speelman, Clark-Murphy and Gerrans 2013). Diversification: Diversification is stated as the segregation of money of the client over the various investments to lessen or protect against the unexpected risk in any individual market or particular investment. Investment risk is the risk of difference between the expectation and actual return of the investor. In order to minimise the risk the planner must diversify his risk among the wide mix of assets. The market of investment shifts in various cycles and reflects the potency of economy, sentiment of investors and trends of industry. The assets also shift as per the external aspects. For example, during unfavourable economic periods, people do not wish to buy expensive items and the manufacturing companies face down fall in sales, however, the producers of essential items like food may not experience the same situation. Diversification of portfolio can assist in smoothing out the difficulties in the market. Therefore, returns from well performing assets facilitates in offsetting those, which are not performing well (Gibson 2013). Balancing between return and risk: The perception of risk and return proposes that low level of risk will eventually lead to low level of return. The high level of risk will eventually fetch high level of return. However, no planner can guarantee about the proposition. It may happen that high-level risk involved investment may fetch big loss instead of profit. The fund manager just helps to construct the best possible portfolio for the client with regard to his return expectation and risk tolerance level. Using the strategy for allocation of asset assists in minimising the risk as per the market conditions. However, there are instances when the experience fund managers also get their timing wrong. Using the strategy can assist in assuring that the portfolio is balanced (Han 2013). Figure 2: Relation between risk and return (Source: Han 2013) Correlation: Correlation is a statistical calculation for the degree to which the shifting of various types of assets are correlated. For efficient allocation of assets, the fund manager often tends to combine the assets that are expected to perform well in various times. Generally, construction of portfolio starts with a blank paper and the collection of funds available for investment. However, in actual, most of the investor already has a segregation of asset before they start planning for investment. The fund manager assists in allocation of assets and then re-arranges the investment over time so that the client has best option to meet his expectations from investment (He, Grant and Fabre 2013). Major classes of assets: Investments are categorised into various classes of assets like, bonds, equities, cash and properties. The table shown below pointed out the various types of assets, their main characteristics and for which they are potentially suitable (Brown and Tiu 2013). Classes of assets Main characteristics Potential appropriateness Bonds Can offer a reliable and stable income with possibility of higher growth rate and interest rate; It involves oversees government bonds, corporate bonds and UK government bonds Long, medium or short term investors Equities Useful for monitory growth and are able to generate income through dividend payments and can be invested in oversees companies and UK Medium and Long-term investments, usually 5 years plus Cash Appropriate for short-term requirements such as future down payment on a new house. It generally includes term deposits and securities which pays higher rate of interest Short-term investors usually for up to three years Property Offer the advantages of diversification through right to use the properties in office, retail, tourism, industrial and infrastructure segments. And can be invested in UK as well as international assets Medium and Long-term investments, usually 5 years plus Table 1: Classification of assets (Sources: Created by author) Other potential securities are: Australian fixed interest: The benefits of investing in a spread portfolio of that bears interest can offer regular income. The amount invested with fixed rate of interest and taken from the State Governments, Commonwealth, Banks and any other Australian Ethical Charter that meets the criteria of USB Index for Composite Bond. The risk level is low to medium and the required period is 3 years. Oversees fixed interest: Overseas fixed interest aim to offer regular income and they are perfect for moderate capital growth over medium-term period. Standard risk level for overseas fixed interest are low and are intended to suit investors who are willing to take moderate levels of risk with a modest potential for capital appreciation (Calza, Monacelli and Stracca 2013). There are no arguments that shares are a major part of any portfolio for the investors who want a balanced portfolio with regular return with accepted level of risk. The reason behind this is over time, shares are expected to pay higher level of return than the investment potion like cash and bonds. However, it will not be a wise idea to put all the money in the same area as it is said with relation to investment that Dont put all your eggs in the same basket. Building share portfolio: Before buying the preferable stock from the market, the investor must consider the types of portfolio he is preferred to buy. Speculative trading is only a small element of the strategy to investment, as long-term investment is a strategy that works best for most of the investor, most of the time. Rather than investing in any particular bond or share or asset, diversification of investment over various funds gives best result for most of the investor. Every investor has different preference, however, most of the investors look for a mixture of income and capital gain and a return that is more than the average market return. There are various strategies to construct an index-beating portfolio, but beating the index is not the only major concern. The investor must consider how much he wants to beat it by, and the risk tolerance level to target the objective. Number of stock that should be bought: Assuming the primary objective of the investor to hit the index, the planner needs to evaluate exactly what is his requirement. The major market indexes are the reasonable representative cross-section of various areas of activity in the Australian economy. To create the same return as the index, the investor has buy all 300 or 500 stocks from that index, and he should capture the index return before costs. If the SP/ASX 300 earned 20% for the year, the portfolio would gain 20 per cent, before costs. If it fall, the portfolio will also fall. The fund managers set up quantitative methods for following the alterations in the components of the selected index as companies drop out, drop in, and simply copy the index portfolio. The best technique to hit the index is through the exact style of investing that suits private investors. For example, if the client has a fund of $5000, the value of setting up a investment of 10-stock would assure that the client will face problems earning a profi t even if the market rises. Hold only as many stocks as understood Investors often want to know about how many securities they must have in their portfolios, and the most common answer for that is: "as many as you understand". For the new investors, the number is generally five to 10 securities. On the contrary, for experienced investors the number may be less, in some instances it may be beneficial to put some money into a well-managed fund. Most of the part-time investors cannot control more than 12 portfolios. The investment criteria not only depend on the available time and knowledge of the investor but on the preference of expected return and risk tolerance level. As the fund manager constructs the portfolio based on his experience, he may target for a final holding of around 5 to 10 securities and possibly not more than 15, even if he is an experienced investor. Adjusting with the number of stocks is a confront for most of the private investors. Holding this number of stocks offers the investor some opportunity for diversification of portfolio through company type, company size, industry and so on. Holding various shares with different features means the portfolio should not experience too bad impact if one does the planning poorly and is benefitted with good planning. Allocation of assets for balanced portfolio: Assets Allocation (%) Range (%) Australian Fixed interest 27 10 to 50 Overseas Fixed interest 8 0 to 15 Cash 5 0 to 15 Defensive Assets 40 30 to 50 Australian Equities 30 10 to 30 Property 15 0 to 20 Infrastructure 6 0 to 12 High yield fixed interest 4 0 to 8 Alternatives 5 0 to 10 Growth Assets 60 50 to 70 Table 2: Allocation of Assets (Source: Created by Author) The above table shows the maximum and minimum amount that can be invested in each class of assets and is shown under the heading Range. The allocation of asset can be varied from time to time. The variations must be within the range as shown above (Plumb, Kent and Bishop 2013). The objective of the allocation as above is to invest in a wide category of assets, which have the capability of achieving the target over the long-term period. Probability of capital gains is there, however, chances of capital losses are also there. The strategy of investment included in the table are investment in a portfolio of fixed interest securities, overseas and Australian investment, listed property, cash and Australian equities. The risk measure for the above allocation is medium. The above portfolio is planned to suit the investors who are seeking moderate returns and willing to tale medium level of risk that is the requirement is of a balanced portfolio. The target time period is 5 to 6 years (Martinsuo and Killen 2014). Investment with available fund of $1 billion that is $100 million: Assets Allocation (%) Amount ($ millions) Australian Fixed interest 27 27 Overseas Fixed interest 8 8 Cash 5 5 Defensive Assets 40 40 Australian Equities 30 30 Property 15 15 Infrastructure 6 6 High yield fixed interest 4 4 Alternatives 5 5 Growth Assets 60 60 Table 3: Investment (Source: Created by author) The required return rate of the investor after expenses and taxes is 3% plus inflation. The present inflation rate as per CPI is 1.3%. Therefore the required rate of return is (1.3+3) = 4.3%. From Equity: Return rate is 10% From Fixed interest: Return rate is 5% From Infrastructure and property: Return rate is 4% Let the expenses and tax is 12%. Therefore, the return is (10+5+4-12) = 7%, which is more than the required return of 4.3% Recommendations for structuring the portfolio: Four major levels of diversification, which can be summarised with the wide principles, are as follows: For the total portfolio: The investor must consider holding various types of investments and not only the shares. The investor must consider investing part of his portfolio through managed funds to minimise the risk. For the share portfolio: The investor must hold more than the minimum number of shares in his portfolio, constructing up to 5 to 10 securities over time, and possibly 15 maximum for investors that are more skilled. Based on the energy and time that the client is willing to invest for the investment, if he chooses more than 10 stocks, then it will be problematic for him to keep track of all the investments. However, less than 5 will considerably increase the risk of big variations in value. The investor must hold securities in various sectors, so that his portfolio is revealed to expansion in various areas of the economy and is less susceptible to a downfall in any particular industry. The investor must seek various "categories" of available shares and should diversify his portfolio across the industries; the investor can get returns without taking too much risk if he includes speculative stocks and blue-chip to his portfolio. The investor must look for companies with various features. The investor can meet all types of successful companies right from the fast-growing companies to slow-growing companies or to rotating companies that may be bouncing back from the crucial positions or the companies that somehow managing to develop. The investor must choose the stocks that will fulfil his requirement. It is crucial to construct a portfolio that suits the investors approach of investing. If the investor is required to earn a regular income, he will have to search for at least two or three securities that will fulfil his purpose. Therefore, with considering whether a stock is equity, cash or speculative stock the planner must take into account the type of company and its performance. Diversifying the portfolio among the various stocks involving various level of risk assists to balance the portfolio. Moreover, the investor must understand the strong points and vulnerabilities of each stock of the portfolio. References: Brown, K. and Tiu, C., 2013.The interaction of spending policies, asset allocation strategies, and investment performance at university endowment funds(No. w19517). National Bureau of Economic Research. Calza, A., Monacelli, T. and Stracca, L., 2013. Housing finance and monetary policy.Journal of the European Economic Association,11(s1), pp.101-122 Gibson, R., 2013.Asset Allocation: Balancing Financial Risk: Balancing Financial Risk. McGraw Hill Professional. Han, L., 2013. Understanding the puzzling risk-return relationship for housing.Review of Financial Studies,26(4), pp.877-928. He, P.W., Grant, A. and Fabre, J., 2013. Economic value of analyst recommendations in Australia: an application of the BlackLitterman asset allocation model.Accounting Finance,53(2), pp.441-470. Martinsuo, M. and Killen, C.P., 2014. Value management in project portfolios: Identifying and assessing strategic value.Project Management Journal,45(5), pp.56-70. Mazzola, P. and Gerace, D., 2015. A Comparison Between a Dynamic and Static Approach to Asset Management Using CAPM Models on the Australian Securities Market.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,9(2), p.43. Plumb, M., Kent, C. and Bishop, J., 2013.Implications for the Australian economy of strong growth in Asia. Reserve Bank of Australia. Reddy, W., Higgins, D., Wist, M. and Garimort, J., 2013. Australian industry superannuation funds: investment strategies and property allocation.Journal of Property Investment Finance,31(5), pp.462-480. Speelman, C.P., Clark-Murphy, M. and Gerrans, P., 2013. Decision making clusters in retirement savings: Gender differences dominate.Journal of family and economic issues,34(3), pp.329-339.